영어 때문에 울고있나요?

영어 때문에 울어본적이 있나요?

ESL 칼리지 과정을 몇년씩 돌아다녀도 좀처럼 해결되지 않아서 울고잇는 분 중에서 몇분을 선택해서 집중훈련을 통해서 완전한 대학영어수준까지의 목표와 영어교사목표를 두고 개인, 소수지도를 합니다. 가능한 학생이나 젊은직장인이나 한국에서 새로오신분들을 우선합니다. 시간과 노력들의 지랫대효과를 기대합니다. 같은투입으로 더많은 효과를 기대합니다. 미국에 오랫동안 살아온것과 졸업종이는 별로 관계가 없습니다. 선택되신분은 무료개인교습도 가능합니다.

영어엔 영어의 고유의 법칙과 포뮬러가 잇습니다. 이것이 아래 공부내용에 나열되어 잇습니다.

이것을 이해하지못하면, 백년을 노력해도 좀처럼 아카데믹 영어와는 거리가 멉니다. 감으로 느낌으로 흉내내는 영어는 어느날 내놓을 곳이 없어집니다.

인류가 쌓아둔 위대한 지식들은 대부분 영어라는 문자로 축적되어잇으며 이것의 방법을 빨리얻는자가 부귀와 건강과 장수를 누립니다.

아래는 공부할 주제들의 요약입니다. 이런것을 완전히 자기두되에 축척하여, 인생의 지식자산의 기본을 마련할 준비가 되신분을 환영합니다.

(이부분은 절대로 이해하신분만을 환영합니다)

아래를 몇번읽어 보십시요.

그리고, 마지막부분의 안내를 따르십시요.

Azar Grammar Series

Basic English Grammar, Third Edition

Contents

Chapter 1 USING BE

1-1 NOUN + IS + NOUN: SINGULAR

1-2 NOUN + ARE + NOUN: PLURAL

1-3 PRONOUN + BE + NOUN

1-4 CONTRACTIONS WITH BE

1-5 NEGATIVE WITH BE

1-6 BE + ADJECTIVE

1-7 BE + A PLACE

1-8 SUMMARY: BASIC SENTENCE PATTERNS WITH BE

Chapter 2 USING BE AND HAVE

2-1 YES/NO QUESTIONS WITH BE

2-2 SHORT ANSWERS TO YES/NO QUESTIONS

2-3 QUESTIONS WITH BE: USING WHERE

2-4 USING HAVE AND HAS

2-5 USING MY, YOUR, HIS, HER, OUR, THEIR

2-6 USING THIS AND THAT

2-7 USING THESE AND THOSE

2-8 ASKING QUESTIONS WITH WHAT AND WHO BE

Chapter 3 USING THE SIMPLE PRESENT

3-1 FORM AND BASIC MEANING OF THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

3-2 USING FREQUENCY ADVERBS: ALWAYS, USUALLY, OFTEN, SOMETIMES, SELDOM, RARELY, NEVER

3-3 OTHER FREQUENCY EXPRESSIONS

3-4 USING FREQUENCY ADVERBS WITH BE

3-5 SPELLING AND PRONUNCIATION OF FINAL -ES

3-6 ADDING FINAL -S/-ES TO WORDS THAT END IN -Y

3-7 IRREGULAR SINGULAR VERBS: HAS, DOES, GOES

3-8 SPELLING AND PRONUNCIATION OF FINAL -S / -ES

3-9 THE SIMPLE PRESENT: NEGATIVE

3-10 THE SIMPLE PRESENT: YES/NO QUESTIONS

3-11 THE SIMPLE PRESENT: ASKING INFORMATION QUESTIONS WITH WHERE

3-12 THE SIMPLE PRESENT: ASKING INFORMATION QUESTIONS WITH WHEN AND WHAT TIME

3-13 SUMMARY: INFORMATION QUESTIONS WITH BE ANDDO

Chapter 4 USING THE PRESENT PROGRESSIVE

4-1 BE + -ING: THE PRESENT PROGRESSIVE TENSE

4-2 SPELLING OF -ING

4-3 THE PRESENT PROGRESSIVE: NEGATIVES

4-4 THE PRESENT PROGRESSIVE: QUESTIONS

4-5 THE SIMPLE PRESENT vs. THE PRESENT PROGRESSIVE

4-6 NONACTION VERBS NOT USED IN THE PRESENT PROGRESSIVE

4-7 SEE, LOOK AT, WATCH, HEAR, AND LISTEN TO

4-8 THINK ABOUT AND THINK THAT

Chapter 5 TALKING ABOUT THE PRESENT

5-1 USING IT TO TALK ABOUT TIME

5-2 PREPOSITIONS OF TIME

5-3 USING IT TO TALK ABOUT THE WEATHER

5-4 THERE + BE

5-5 THERE + BE: YES/NO QUESTIONS

5-6 THERE + BE: ASKING QUESTIONS WITH HOW MANY

5-7 PREPOSITIONS OF PLACE

5-8 SOME PREPOSITIONS OF PLACE: A LIST

5-9 NEED AND WANT + A NOUN OR AN INFINITIVE

5-10 WOULD LIKE

5-11 WOULD LIKE vs. LIKE

Chapter 6 NOUNS AND PRONOUNS

6-1 NOUNS: SUBJECTS AND OBJECTS

6-2 ADJECTIVE + NOUN

6-3 SUBJECT PRONOUNS AND OBJECT PRONOUNS

6-4 NOUNS: SINGULAR AND PLURAL

6-5 NOUNS: IRREGULAR PLURAL FORMS

Chapter 7 COUNT AND NONCOUNT NOUNS

7-1 NOUNS: COUNT AND NONCOUNT

7-2 USING AN vs. A

7-3 USING A/AN vs. SOME

7-4 MEASUREMENTS WITH NONCOUNT NOUNS

7-5 USING MANY, MUCH, A FEW, A LITTLE

7-6 USING THE

7-7 USING Ø (NO ARTICLE) TO MAKE GENERALIZATIONS

7-8 USING SOME AND ANY

Chapter 8 EXPRESSING PAST TIME, PART 1

8-1 USING BE: PAST TIME

8-2 PAST OF BE: NEGATIVE

8-3 PAST OF BE: QUESTIONS

8-4 THE SIMPLE PAST TENSE: USING -ED

8-5 PAST TIME WORDS: YESTERDAY, LAST, AND AGO

8-6 THE SIMPLE PAST: IRREGULAR VERBS (GROUP 1)

8-7 THE SIMPLE PAST: NEGATIVE

8-8 THE SIMPLE PAST: YES/NO QUESTIONS

8-9 IRREGULAR VERBS (GROUP 2)

8-10 IRREGULAR VERBS (GROUP 3)

8-11 IRREGULAR VERBS (GROUP 4)

Chapter 9 EXPRESSING PAST TIME, PART 2

9-1 THE SIMPLE PAST: USING WHERE, WHEN, WHAT TIME, AND WHY

9-2 QUESTIONS WITH WHAT

9-3 QUESTIONS WITH WHO

9-4 IRREGULAR VERBS (GROUP 5)

9-5 IRREGULAR VERBS (GROUP 6)

9-6 IRREGULAR VERBS (GROUP 7)

9-7 BEFORE AND AFTER IN TIME CLAUSES

9-8 WHEN IN TIME CLAUSES

9-9 THE PRESENT PROGRESSIVE AND THE PAST PROGRESSIVE

9-10 USING WHILE WITH THE PAST PROGRESSIVE

9-11 WHILE vs. WHEN IN PAST TIME CLAUSES

9-12 SIMPLE PAST vs. PAST PROGRESSIVE

Chapter 10 EXPRESSING FUTURE TIME, PART 1

10-1 FUTURE TIME: USING BE GOING TO

10-2 USING THE PRESENT PROGRESSIVE TO EXPRESS FUTURE TIME

10-3 WORDS USED FOR PAST TIME AND FUTURE TIME

10-4 USING A COUPLE OF OR A FEW WITH AGO (PAST) AND IN (FUTURE)

10-5 USING TODAY, TONIGHT, AND THIS + MORNING, AFTERNOON, EVENING, WEEK, MONTH, YEAR

10-6 FUTURE TIME: USING WILL

10-7 ASKING QUESTIONS WITH WILL

10-8 VERB SUMMARY: PRESENT, PAST, AND FUTURE

10-9 VERB SUMMARY: FORMS OF BE

Chapter 11 EXPRESSING FUTURE TIME, PART 2

11-1 MAY/MIGHT vs. WILL

11-2 MAYBE (ONE WORD) vs. MAY BE (TWO WORDS)

11-3 FUTURE TIME CLAUSES WITH BEFORE, AFTER, ANDWHEN

11-4 CLAUSES WITH IF

11-5 EXPRESSING HABITUAL PRESENT WITH TIME CLAUSES AND IF-CLAUSES

11-6 USING WHAT + A FORM OF DO

Chapter 12 MODALS, PART 1: EXPRESSING ABILITY

12-1 USING CAN

12-2 PRONUNCIATION OF CAN AND CAN`T

12-3 USING CAN: QUESTIONS

12-4 USING KNOW HOW TO

12-5 USING COULD: PAST OF CAN

12-6 USING BE ABLE TO

12-7 USING VERY AND TOO + ADJECTIVE

12-8 USING TWO, TOO, AND TO

12-9 MORE ABOUT PREPOSITIONS: AT AND IN FOR LOCATIONS

Chapter 13 MODALS, PART 2: ADVICE, NECESSITY, REQUESTS, SUGGESTIONS

13-1 USING SHOULD

13-2 USING HAVE + INFINITIVE (HAVE TO/HAS TO)

13-3 USING MUST

13-4 POLITE QUESTIONS: MAY I, COULD I, AND CAN I

13-5 POLITE QUESTIONS: COULD YOU AND WOULD YOU

13-6 IMPERATIVE SENTENCES

13-7 MODAL AUXILIARIES

13-8 SUMMARY CHART: MODAL AUXILIARIES

13-9 USING LET`S

Chapter 14 NOUNS AND MODIFIERS

14-1 MODIFYING NOUNS WITH ADJECTIVES AND NOUNS

14-2 WORD ORDER OF ADJECTIVES

14-3 EXPRESSIONS OF QUANTITY: ALL OF, MOST OF, SOME OF, ALMOST ALL OF

14-4 EXPRESSIONS OF QUANTITY: SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT

14-5 EXPRESSIONS OF QUANTITY: ONE OF, NONE OF

14-6 INDEFINITE PRONOUNS: NOTHING AND NO ONE

14-7 INDEFINITE PRONOUNS: SOMETHING, SOMEONE, ANYTHING, ANYONE

14-8 USING EVERY

14-9 LINKING VERBS + ADJECTIVES

14-10 ADJECTIVES + ADVERBS

Chapter 15 POSSESSIVES

15-1 POSSESSIVE NOUNS

15-2 POSSESSIVE: IRREGULAR PLURAL NOUNS

15-3 POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS: MINE, YOURS, HIS, HERS, OURS, THEIRS

15-4 QUESTIONS WITH WHOSE

Chapter 16 MAKING COMPARISONS

16-1 COMPARISONS: USING THE SAME (AS), SIMILAR (TO), AND DIFFERENT FROM

16-2 COMPARISONS: USING LIKE AND ALIKE

16-3 THE COMPARATIVE: USING -ER AND MORE

16-4 THE SUPERLATIVE: USING -EST AND MOST

16-5 USING ONE OF + SUPERLATIVE + PLURAL NOUN

16-6 USING BUT

16-7 USING VERBS AFTER BUT

16-8 MAKING COMPARISONS WITH ADVERBS

APPENDIX IRREGULAR VERBS

LISTENING SCRIPT

CD TRACKING SCRIPT

ANSWER KEY

INDEX

Azar Grammar Series

Fundamentals of English Grammar, Fourth Edition

Contents

CHAPTER 1 PRESENT TIME

1-1 SIMPLE PRESENT AND THE PRESENT PROGRESSIVE

1-2 FORMS OF THE SIMPLE PRESENT AND THE PRESENT PROGRESSIVE

1-3 FREQUENCY ADVERBS

1-4 SINGULAR/PLURAL

1-5 SPELLING OF FINAL -S/-ES

1-6 NON-ACTION VERBS

1-7 PRESENT VERBS: SHORT ANSWERS TO YES/NO

QUESTIONS

CHAPTER 2 PAST TIME

2-1 EXPRESSING PAST TIME: THE SIMPLE PAST

2-2 SPELLING OF -ING AND -ED FORMS

2-3 THE PRINCIPLE PARTS OF A VERB

2-4 COMMON IRREGULAR VERBS: A REFERENCE LIST

2-5 REGULAR VERBS: PRONUNCIATION OF -EDENDINGS

2-6 SIMPLE PAST AND PAST PROGRESSIVE

2-7 EXPRESSING PAST TIME: USING TIME CLAUSES

2-8 EXPRESSING PAST HABIT: USED TO

CHAPTER 3 FUTURE TIME

3-1 EXPRESSING FUTURE TIME:BE GOING TO AND WILL

3-2 FORMS WITH BE GOING TO

3-3 FORMS WITH WILL

3-4 CERTAINTY ABOUT THE FUTURE

3-5 BE GOING TO VS. WILL

3-6 EXPRESSING FUTURE TIME IN TIME CLAUSES AND IF-CLAUSES

3-7 USING THE PRESENT PROGRESSIVE TO EXPRESS FUTURE TIME

3-8 USING THE SIMPLE PRESENT

TO EXPRESS FUTURE TIME

3-9 IMMEDIATE FUTURE: USING BE ABOUT TO

3-10 PARALLEL VERBS

CHAPTER 4 THE PRESENT PERFECT AND THE PAST PERFECT

4-1 PAST PARTICIPLE

4-2 PRESENT PERFECT WITH SINCE AND FOR

4-3 NEGATIVE, QUESTION, AND SHORT-ANSWER FORMS

4-4 PRESENT PERFECT WITH UNSPECIFIED TIME

4-5 SIMPLE PAST VS. PRESENT PERFECT

4-6 PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE

4-7 PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE VS. PRESENT PERFECT

4-8 PAST PERFECT

CHAPTER 5 ASKING QUESTIONS

5-1 YES/NO QUESTIONS AND SHORT ANSWERS

5-2 YES/NO QUESTIONS AND INFORMATION QUESTIONS

5-3 WHERE, WHY, WHEN, WHAT TIME, HOW COME, WHAT . . .FOR

5-4 QUESTIONS WITH WHO, WHO(M), AND WHAT

5-5 USING WHAT + A FORM OF DO

5-6 USING WHICH AND WHAT KIND OF

5-7 USING WHOSE USING WHAT KIND OF

5-8 USING HOW

5-9 USING HOW OFTEN

5-10 USING HOW FAR

5-11 LENGTH OF TIME: IT + TAKE AND HOW LONG

5-12 SPOKEN AND WRITTEN CONTRACTIONS WITH QUESTION WORDS

5-13 MORE QUESTIONS WITH HOW

5-14 USING HOW ABOUT AND WHAT ABOUT

5-15 TAG QUESTIONS

CHAPTER 6 NOUNS AND PRONOUNS

6-1 PLURAL FORMS OF NOUNS

6-2 PRONUNCIATION OF FINAL -S/-ES

6-3 SUBJECTS, VERBS, AND OBJECTS

6-4 OBJECTS OF PREPOSITIONS

6-5 PREPOSITIONS OF TIME

6-6 WORD ORDER: PLACE AND TIME

6-7 SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT

6-8 USING ADJECTIVES TO DESCRIBE NOUNS

6-9 USING NOUNS AS ADJECTIVES

6-10 PERSONAL PRONOUNS: SUBJECTS AND OBJECTS

6-11 POSSESSIVE NOUNS

6-12 POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS AND ADJECTIVES

6-13 REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS

6-14 SINGULAR FORMS OF OTHER: ANOTHER VS. THE OTHER

6-15 PLURAL FORMS OF OTHER: OTHER(S) VS. THE OTHER(S)

6-16 SUMMARY OF FORMS OF OTHER

CHAPTER 7 MODAL AUXILIARIES

7-1 THE FORM OF MODAL AUXILIARIES

7-2 EXPRESSING ABILITY: CAN AND COULD

7-3 EXPRESSING POSSIBILITY: MAY AND MIGHT;

EXPRESSING PERMISSION: MAY AND CAN

7-4 USING COULD TO EXPRESS POSSIBILITY

7-5 POLITE QUESTIONS: MAY I, COULD I, CAN I

7-6 POLITE QUESTIONS: WOULD YOU, COULD YOU, WILL YOU, CAN YOU

7-7 EXPRESSING ADVICE: SHOULD AND OUGHT TO

7-8 EXPRESSING ADVICE: HAD BETTER

7-9 EXPRESSING NECESSITY: HAVE TO, HAVE GOT TO, MUST

7-10 EXPRESSING LACK OF NECESSITY: DO NOT HAVE TO;

EXPRESSING PROHIBITION: MUST NOT

7-11 MAKING LOGICAL CONCLUSIONS: MUST

7-12 TAG QUESTIONS WITH MODAL AUXILIARIES

7-13 GIVING INSTRUCTIONS: IMPERATIVE SENTENCES

7-14 MAKING SUGGESTIONS: LET’S AND WHY DON’T

7-15 STATING PREFERENCES: PREFER, LIKE…BETTER, WOULD RATHER

CHAPTER 8 CONNECTING IDEAS

8-1 CONNECTING IDEAS WITH AND

8-2 CONNECTING IDEAS WITH BUT AND OR

8-3 CONNECTING IDEAS WITH SO

8-4 USING AUXILIARY VERBS AFTER BUT

8-5 USING AND + TOO, SO, EITHER, NEITHER

8-6 CONNECTING IDEAS WITH BECAUSE

8-7 CONNECTING IDEAS WITH EVEN THOUGH / ALTHOUGH

CHAPTER 9 COMPARISONS

9-1 MAKING COMPARISONS WITH AS … AS

9-2 COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE

9-3 COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE FORMS OF ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS

9-4 COMPLETING A COMPARATIVE

9-5 MODIFYING COMPARATIVES

9-6 COMPARISONS WITH LESS … THAN AND NOT AS … AS

9-7 USING MORE WITH NOUNS

9-8 REPEATING A COMPARISON

9-9 USING DOUBLE COMPARATIVES

9-10 USING SUPERLATIVES

9-11 USING THE SAME, SIMILAR, DIFFERENT, LIKE, ANDALIKE

CHAPTER 10 THE PASSIVE

10-1 ACTIVE SENTENCES AND PASSIVE SENTENCES

10-2 FORM OF THE PASSIVE

10-3 TRANSITIVE AND INTRANSITIVE VERBS

10-4 USING THE BY-PHRASE

10-5 THE PASSIVE MODAL AUXILIARIES

10-6 USING PAST PARTICIPLES AS ADJECTIVES (NON-PROGRESSIVE PASSIVE)

10-7 PARTICIPIAL ADJECTIVES: -ED VS. -ING

10-8 GET + ADJECTIVE; GET + PAST PARTICIPLE

10-9 USING BE USED / ACCUSTOMED TO AND GET USED / GET ACCUSTOMED TO

10-10 USED TO VS. BE USED TO

10-11 USING BE SUPPOSED TO

CHAPTER 11 COUNT/NONCOUNT NOUNS AND ARTICLES

11-1 A VS. AN

11-2 COUNT AND NONCOUNT NOUNS

11-3 NONCOUNT NOUNS

11-4 MORE NONCOUNT NOUNS

11-5 USING SEVERAL, A LOT OF, MANY / MUCH, AND A FEW / A LITTLE

11-6 NOUNS THAT CAN BE COUNT OR NONCOUNT

11-7 USING UNITS OF MEASURE WITH NONCOUNT NOUNS

11-8 GUIDELINES FOR ARTICLE USAGE

11-9 USING THE OR Ø WITH NAMES

11-10 CAPITALIZATION

CHAPTER 12 ADJECTIVE CLAUSES

12-1 ADJECTIVE CLAUSES: INTRODUCTION

12-2 USING WHO AND THAT IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES TO DESCRIBE PEOPLE

12-3 USING OBJECT PRONOUNS IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES TO DESCRIBE PEOPLE

12-4 USING PRONOUNS IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES TO DESCRIBE THINGS

12-5 SINGULAR AND PLURAL VERBS IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES

12-6 USING PREPOSITIONS IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES

12-7 USING WHOSE IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES

CHAPTER 13 GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES

13-1 VERB + GERUND

13-2 GO + -ING

13-3 VERB + INFINITIVE

13-4 VERB + GERUND OR INFINITIVE

13-5 PREPOSITION + GERUND

13-6 USING BY AND WITH TO EXPRESS HOW SOMETHING IS DONE

13-7 USING GERUNDS AS SUBJECTS; USING IT + INFINITIVE

13-8 IT + INFINITIVE: USING FOR (SOMEONE)

13-9 EXPRESSING PURPOSE WITH IN ORDER TO ANDFOR

13-10 USING INFINITIVES WITH TOO AND ENOUGH

CHAPTER 14 NOUN CLAUSES

14-1 NOUN CLAUSES: INTRODUCTION

14-2 NOUN CLAUSES THAT BEGIN WITH A QUESTION WORD

14-3 NOUN CLAUSES THAT BEGIN WITH IF OR WHETHER

14-4 NOUN CLAUSES THAT BEGIN WITH THAT

14-5 OTHER USES OF THAT-CLAUSES

14-6 SUBSTITUTING SO FOR A THAT-CLAUSE IN CONVERSATIONAL RESPONSES

14-7 QUOTED SPEECH

14-8 QUOTED SPEECH VS. REPORTED SPEECH

14-9 VERB FORMS IN REPORTED SPEECH

14-10 COMMON REPORTING VERBS: TELL, ASK, ANSWER/REPLY

APPENDIX: SUPPLEMENTARY GRAMMAR CHARTS

Unit A

A-1 THE PRESENT PERFECT VS. THE PAST PERFECT

A-2 THE PAST PROGRESSIVE VS. THE PAST PERFECT

A-3 STILL VS. ANYMORE

A-4 ADDITIONAL VERBS FOLLOWED BY THAT-CLAUSES

A-5 ADDITIONAL EXPRESSIONS WITH BE + THAT-CLAUSES

Unit B

B-1 PHRASAL VERBS

B-2 PHRASAL VERBS: A REFERENCE LIST

Unit C

C-1 PREPOSITION COMBINATIONS: INTRODUCTION

C-2

PREPOSITION COMBINATIONS: A REFERENCE LIST

AZAR GRAMMAR SERIES

Understanding And Using English Grammar,

Fourth Edition

Contents

Chapter 1 OVERVIEW OF VERB TENSES

1-1 THE SIMPLE TENSES

1-2 THE PROGRESSIVE TENSES

1-3 THE PERFECT TENSES

1-4 THE PERFECT PROGRESSIVE TENSES

1-5 SUMMARY CHART OF VERB TENSES

1-6 SPELLING OF -ING AND -ED FORMS

Chapter 2 PRESENT AND PAST; SIMPLE

AND PROGRESSIVE

2-1 SIMPLE PRESENT

2-2 PRESENT PROGRESSIVE

2-3 NON-PROGRESSIVE VERBS

2-4 REGULAR AND IRREGULAR VERBS

2-5 IRREGULAR VERB LIST

2-6 REGULAR VERBS: PRONUNCIATION OF -EDENDINGS

2-7 SIMPLE PAST

2-8 PAST PROGRESSIVE

2-9 USING PROGRESSIVE VERBS WITH ALWAYS

2-10 USING EXPRESSIONS OF PLACE

WITH PROGRESSIVE VERBS

Chapter 3 PERFECT AND PERFECT PROGRESSIVE TENSES

3-1 PRESENT PERFECT

3-2 HAVE AND HAS IN SPOKEN ENGLISH

3-3 PRESENT PERFECT VS. SIMPLE PAST

3-4 PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE

3-5 PAST PERFECT

3-6 HAD IN SPOKEN ENGLISH

3-7 PAST PERFECT PROGRESSIVE

Chapter 4 FUTURE TIME

4-1 SIMPLE FUTURE: WILL AND BE GOING TO

4-2 WILL VS. BE GOING TO

4-3 EXPRESSING THE FUTURE IN TIME CLAUSES

4-4 USING THE PRESENT PROGRESSIVE AND THE SIMPLE PRESENT TO EXPRESS FUTURE TIME

4-5 FUTURE PROGRESSIVE

4-6 FUTURE PERFECT AND FUTURE PERFECT PROGRESSIVE

Chapter 5 REVIEW OF VERB TENSES

Chapter 6 SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT

6-1 FINAL -S/-ES USE, PRONUNCIATION, AND SPELLING

6-2 BASIC SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT

6-3 SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT: USING EXPRESSIONS OF QUANTITY

6-4 SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT: USING THERE + BE

6-5 SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT: SOME IRREGULARITIES

Chapter 7 NOUNS

7-1 REGULAR AND IRREGULAR PLURAL NOUNS

7-2 POSSESSIVE NOUNS

7-3 NOUNS AS ADJECTIVES

7-4 COUNT AND NONCOUNT NOUNS

7-5 NONCOUNT NOUNS

7-6 SOME COMMON NONCOUNT NOUNS

7-7 BASIC ARTICLE USAGE

7-8 GENERAL GUIDELINES FOR ARTICLE USAGE

7-9 EXPRESSIONS OF QUANTITY USED WITH COUNT AND NONCOUNT NOUNS

7-10 USING A FEW AND FEW; A LITTLE AND LITTLE

7-11 EXPRESSIONS OF QUANTITY: ONE, EACH, EVERY

7-12 USING OF IN EXPRESSIONS OF QUANTITY

Chapter 8 PRONOUNS

8-1 PERSONAL PRONOUNS

8-2 PERSONAL PRONOUNS:

AGREEMENT WITH GENERIC NOUNS

AND INDEFINITE PRONOUNS

8-3 PERSONAL PRONOUNS:

AGREEMENT WITH COLLECTIVE NOUNS

8-4 REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS

8-5 USING YOU, ONE, AND THEY AS IMPERSONAL PRONOUNS

8-6 FORMS OF OTHER

8-7 COMMON EXPRESSIONS WITH OTHER

Chapter 9 MODALS, PART 1

9-1 BASIC MODAL INTRODUCTION

9-2 POLITE QUESTIONS WITH I AS THE SUBJECT

9-3 POLITE QUESTIONS WITH YOU AS THE SUBJECT

9-4 POLITE REQUESTS WITH WOULD YOU MIND

9-5 EXPRESSING NECESSITY:

MUST, HAVE TO, HAVE GOT TO

9-6 LACK OF NECESSITY AND PROHIBITION:

HAVE TO AND MUST IN THE NEGATIVE

9-7 ADVISABILITY: SHOULD, OUGHT TO, HAD BETTER

9-8 THE PAST FORM OF SHOULD

9-9 OBLIGATION: BE SUPPOSED TO

9-10 UNFULFILLED INTENTIONS: WAS/WERE GOING TO

9-11 MAKING SUGGESTIONS: LET`S, WHY DON`T,

SHALL I/WE

9-12 MAKING SUGGESTIONS: COULD VS. SHOULD

Chapter 10 MODALS, PART 2

10-1 DEGREES OF CERTAINTY: PRESENT TIME

10-2 DEGREES OF CERTAINTY: PRESENT TIME NEGATIVE

10-3 DEGREES OF CERTAINTY: PAST TIME

10-4 DEGREES OF CERTAINTY: FUTURE TIME

10-5 PROGRESSIVE FORMS OF MODALS

10-6 ABILITY: CAN AND COULD

10-7 USING WOULD TO EXPRESS A REPEATED

ACTION IN THE PAST

10-8 EXPRESSING PREFERENCE: WOULD RATHER

10-9 COMBINING MODALS WITH PHRASAL MODALS

10-10 SUMMARY CHART OF MODALS AND SIMILAR EXPRESSIONS

Chapter 11 THE PASSIVE

11-1 ACTIVE VS. PASSIVE

11-2 TENSE FORMS OF THE PASSIVE

11-3 USING THE PASSIVE

11-4 THE PASSIVE FORM OF MODALS

AND PHRASAL MODALS

11-5 NON-PROGRESSIVE PASSIVE

11-6 COMMON NON-PROGRESSIVE PASSIVE VERBS + PREPOSITIONS

11-7 THE PASSIVE WITH GET

11-8 PARTICIPIAL ADJECTIVES

Chapter 12 NOUN CLAUSES

12-1 INTRODUCTION

12-2 NOUN CLAUSES BEGINNING WITH A QUESTION WORD

12-3 NOUN CLAUSES BEGINNING WITH WHETHER OR IF

12-4 QUESTION WORDS FOLLOWED BY INFINITIVES

12-5 NOUN CLAUSES BEGINNING WITH THAT

12-6 QUOTED SPEECH

12-7 REPORTED SPEECH: VERB FORMS IN NOUN CLAUSES

12-8 USING THE SUBJUNCTIVE IN NOUN CLAUSES

12-9 USING -EVER WORDS

Chapter 13 ADJECTIVE CLAUSES

13-1 ADJECTIVE CLAUSE PRONOUNS USED AS THE SUBJECT

13-2 ADJECTIVE CLAUSE PRONOUNS USED AS THE OBJECT OF A VERB

13-3 ADJECTIVE CLAUSE PRONOUNS USED AS THE OBJECT OF A PREPOSITION

13-4 USING WHOSE

13-5 USING WHERE IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES

13-6 USING WHEN IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES

13-7 USING ADJECTIVE CLAUSES TO MODIFY PRONOUNS

13-8 PUNCTUATING ADJECTIVE CLAUSES

13-9 USING EXPRESSIONS OF QUANTITY IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES

13-10 USING WHICH TO MODIFY A WHOLE SENTENCE

13-11 REDUCING ADJECTIVE CLAUSES TO ADJECTIVE PHRASES

Chapter 14 GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES, PART 1

14-1 GERUNDS: INTRODUCTION

14-2 USING GERUNDS AS THE OBJECTS OF PREPOSITIONS

14-3 COMMON VERBS FOLLOWED BY GERUNDS

14-4 GO + GERUND

14-5 SPECIAL EXPRESSIONS FOLLOWED BY -ING

14-6 COMMON VERBS FOLLOWED BY INFINITIVES

14-7 COMMON VERBS FOLLOWED BY EITHER INFINITIVES OR GERUNDS

14-8 IT + INFINITIVES; GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES AS SUBJECTS

14-9 REFERENCE LIST OF VERBS FOLLOWED BY GERUNDS

14-10 REFERENCE LIST OF VERBS FOLLOWED BY INFINITIVES

Chapter 15 GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES, PART 2

15-1 INFINITIVE OF PURPOSE: IN ORDER TO

15-2 ADJECTIVES FOLLOWED BY INFINITIVES

15-3 USING INFINITIVES WITH TOO AND ENOUGH

15-4 PASSIVE OF INFINITIVES AND GERUNDS

15-5 USING GERUNDS OR PASSIVE INFINITIVES FOLLOWING NEED

15-6 USING VERBS OF PERCEPTION

15-7 USING THE SIMPLE FORM AFTER LET AND HELP

15-8 USING CAUSATIVE VERBS: MAKE, HAVE, GET

Chapter 16 COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS

16-1 PARALLEL STRUCTURE

16-2 PARALLEL STRUCTURE: USING COMMAS

16-3 USING PAIRED CONJUNCTIONS: BOTH . . . AND; NOT ONLY... BUT ALSO; EITHER . . . OR; NEITHER . . . NOR

16-4 SEPARATING INDEPENDENT CLAUSES WITH PERIODS; CONNECTING AND AND BUT

Chapter 17 ADVERB CLAUSES

17-1 INTRODUCTION

17-2 USING ADVERB CLAUSES TO SHOW TIME RELATIONSHIPS

17-3 USING ADVERB CLAUSES TO SHOW CAUSE AND EFFECT

17-4 EXPRESSING CONTRAST (UNEXPECTED RESULT): USING EVEN THOUGH

17-5 SHOWING DIRECT CONTRAST: WHILE

17-6 EXPRESSING CONDITIONS IN ADVERB CLAUSES: IF-CLAUSES

17-7 SHORTENED IF-CLAUSES

17-8 ADVERB CLAUSES OF CONDITION: USING WHETHER OR NOT AND EVEN IF

17-9 ADVERB CLAUSES OF CONDITION: USING IN CASE

17-10 ADVERB CLAUSES OF CONDITION: USING UNLESS

17-11 ADVERB CLAUSES OF CONDITION: USING ONLY IF

Chapter 18 REDUCTION OF ADVERB CLAUSES TO MODIFYING ADVERBIAL PHRASES

18-1 INTRODUCTION

18-2 CHANGING TIME CLAUSES TO MODIFYING ADVERBIAL PHRASES

18-3 EXPRESSING THE IDEA OF "DURING THE SAME TIME" IN MODIFYING ADVERBIAL PHRASES

18-4 EXPRESSING CAUSE AND EFFECT IN MODIFYING ADVERBIAL PHRASES

18-5 USING UPON + -ING IN MODIFYING ADVERBIAL PHRASES

Chapter 19 CONNECTIVES THAT EXPRESS CAUSE AND EFFECT, CONTRAST, AND CONDITION

19-1 USING BECAUSE OF AND DUE TO

19-2 CAUSE AND EFFECT USING THEREFORE ANDCONSEQUENTLY

19-3 SUMMARY OF PATTERNS AND PUNCTUATION

19-4 OTHER WAYS OF EXPRESSING CAUSE AND EFFECT: SUCH . . . THAT AND SO . . . THAT

19-5 EXPRESSING PURPOSE: USING SO THAT

19-6 SHOWING CONTRAST (UNEXPECTED RESULT)

19-7 SHOWING DIRECT CONTRAST

19-8 EXPRESSING CONDITIONS: USING OTHERWISE ANDOR (ELSE)

19-9 SUMMARY OF CONNECTIVES: CAUSE AND EFFECT, CONTRAST, CONDITION

Chapter 20 CONDITIONAL SENTENCES AND WISHES

20-1 OVERVIEW OF BASIC VERB FORMS USED IN CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

20-2 TRUE IN THE PRESENT OR FUTURE

20-3 UNTRUE (CONTRARY TO FACT) IN THE PRESENT OR FUTURE

20-4 UNTRUE (CONTRARY TO FACT) IN THE PAST

20-5 USING PROGRESSIVE VERB FORMS IN CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

20-6 USING "MIXED TIME" IN CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

20-7 OMITTING IF

20-8 IMPLIED CONDITIONS

20-9 VERB FORMS FOLLOWING WISH

20-10 USING WOULD TO MAKE WISHES ABOUT THE FUTURE

APPENDIX SUPPLEMENTARY GRAMMAR CHARTS

Unit A: BASIC GRAMMAR TERMINOLOGY

A-1 SUBJECTS, VERBS, AND OBJECTS

A-2 ADJECTIVES

A-3 ADVERBS

A-4 PREPOSITIONS AND PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES

A-5 THE VERB BE

A-6 LINKING VERBS

Unit B: QUESTIONS

B-1 FORMS OF YES/NO AND INFORMATION QUESTIONS

B-2 QUESTION WORDS

B-3 SHORTENED YES/NO QUESTIONS

B-4 NEGATIVE QUESTIONS

B-5 TAG QUESTIONS

Unit C: CONTRACTIONS

Unit D: NEGATIVES

D-1 USING NOT AND OTHER NEGATIVE WORDS

D-2 AVOIDING DOUBLE NEGATIVES

D-3 BEGINNING A SENTENCE WITH A NEGATIVE WORD

Unit E: PREPOSITION CMBINATIONS

E PREPOSITION COMBINATIONS WITH

ADJECTIVES AND VERBS

Unit F: THE SUBJUNCTIVE

F THE SUBJUNCTIVE IN NOUN CLAUSES

Unit G: TROㅁUBLESOME VERBS

G RAISE/RISE, SET/SIT, LAY/LIE

다시한번, 정말로 미국의 삶을 사랑하고, 영어성취와 영어로된 지식자산의 성취가 인생최대 소원인분, 진실로 바라고 믿으면 기적스런일도 이세상엔 있다는것을 아는분이면 더욱 환영합니다. 다시한번더, 영어때문에 절망해보신분(만) (텍스트)만 하세요.213-383-2121. , 간단한 영어학습의목표와 간단한자기소개등을 부탁합니다. 전화나 카카오토크는 사절합니다.(이 하이라이트 부분을 꼭지켜 주십시요. 학습목표와 자기소개가 없으면 답장을 안해요) 제한된시간으로 인하여 선택된소수인원만 선택하겟습니다. 마지막으로 이세상의 지식의 시스템과 사회의 시스템을 공부하고 인간관계의 예의를 잘지키는분만 환영합니다.
행복하고 근사하고 멋진 미국의 삶을 빌어드립니다.